Vim Configuration 02 Nvim的插件配置

@Aikenhong 2021

Vim is a important consistant for editing file in shell. It’s Hightly Customized for Everyone, In this part I’ll Show my personal Vim comfigurations

And I’ll Discuss about the diff between Spacevim & Neovim.

Give a conclusion in advance: Recommand Config the Vim for Yourself

You only need to config once, then you should save it in the cloud.
You will Know all the Keyshot you setting up, and you can customize it as you want.

Based on neovim

基于NeoVim进行配置，不采用SpaveVim的配置文件，这里需要建议采用最新的测试版的NeoVim(>= 0.5)，Stable的NVim已经很久没有更新，对一些新的插件缺乏支持。

Install

Installing Neovim Download NeoVim Package and Install from source

or Install from neovim-ppa Like Following:

bash
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:neovim-ppa/unstable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install neovim

在安装了Python之后安装对NVim的适配

bash
pip install neovim
pip install pynvim

同时在配置文件中设置

ini
let g:python3_host_prog='/home/aikenhong/anaconda3/bin/python'
" the path to your python"

检查python配置情况：

ini
” check lang suppose for neovim
“ focus on the python part
:CheckHealth

Update

if we Install the old version of neovim(5.0 which install before add ppa), we can update by apt.

bash
# add the stable or unstable source for new nvim
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:neovim-ppa/unstable
sudo apt-get update

# update your nvim
sudo apt-get install --only-upgrade neovim

Where is Config File

可以在vim中使用:version然后在其中调用:echo $MYVIMRC查看对应的vimrc存放的地址

vim的配置文件地址：

bash
# this time is in
ls -l /etc/vim/vimrc

# or we can touch one in
ls -l ~/.vim/vimrc

nvim的配置文件的地址：

bash
ls -l ~/.config/nvim/init.vim
# if not, touch one

有了配置文件以后就可以开始对Nvim进行配置

Basic Config

this part I’ll explain those basic configurations in Vim(NVim). Besides I will simplely introduce the syntax of .ini for writing config.

Basic Setting

nvim初始情况就是完全没有配置的记事本，但是相应的定制化程度高，下面这些是一些固定的配置

ini
"===========================基本配置
set nowrap " 不自动换行
set nu  "显示行号
set clipboard=unnamed "共享剪切板
set nocompatible " 不适配vi避免不兼容
set backup "生成临时文件（maybe we should make it no）
set noswapfile " i dont like swap files
set history=1000

" 文件在外部被修改过，就重新读入
set sessionoptions+=globals
" 延迟绘制提升性能
set lazyredraw
" 显示确认
set confirm

"set paste
autocmd InsertLeave * set nopaste "结束插入模式的时候关闭paste

配置搜索视图：

ini
" 高亮搜索结果，逐词高亮
set hlsearch
set incsearch
" 搜索忽视大小写
set ignorecase
set smartcase
" 显示匹配的括号
set showmatch

配置Tab和Indent：

ini
” tab 和indent设置
set tabstop=4 " Tab键的宽度
set expandtab
set smarttab
set shiftwidth=4
set autoindent
set cindent
set si

设置修改配置文件直接应用

ini
autocmd BufWritePost $MYVIMRC source $MYVIMRC

配置调试python,cpp,sh：使用F5执行输出，默认删除编译的c++

ini
set showcmd "show the cmd before carry out on vim
map <F5> :call CompileRunGcc()<CR>
func! CompileRunGcc()
    exec "w"
    if &filetype == 'cpp'
        exec '!g++ % -o %<'
        exec '!time ./%<'
        exec '!rm ./%<'
    elseif &filetype == 'python'
        exec '!python %'
    elseif &filetype == 'sh'
        :!time sh %
    endif
endfunc<Paste>

"running python in nvim
"nnoremap <F5> :echo system('python3 "' . expand('%') . '"')<cr>

" running cpp in nvim
" map <F8> :w <CR> :!g++ % -o %< && ./%< <CR>
" nnoremap <silent> <F8> :!clear;g++ % -o % && ./%< <CR>

支持中文编码：

ini
set encoding=utf-8
set termencoding=utf-8
set fileencodings=utf-8,ucs-bom,gb18030,gbk,gb2312,cp936

支持鼠标操作：

ini
set mouse=a
set selection=exclusive
set selectmode=mouse,key

Folding Setting

THE RESULT AFTER SETTING WILL BE LIKE THIS

And the Folding can be ：mark,indent,syntax

This is not the final version of folding setting, we will contiune complete it.

ini
" https://www.cnblogs.com/zlcxbb/p/6442092.html
"
set foldmethod=indent
set foldlevel=1 "预设开始时不收起

autocmd FileType vim set foldmarker={{{,}}}
autocmd FileType vim set foldmethod=marker
autocmd FileType vim set foldlevel=0

autocmd FileType python,cpp set foldmethod=indent
autocmd FileType python,cpp set foldlevel=1

"autocmd FileType cpp set foldmethod=marker
"autocmd FileType cpp set foldmarker={,}
"autocmd FileType cpp set foldlevel=1

" let php_folding=1
set foldnestmax=3

Color And Theme(basic)

bash
mkdir ~/.config/nvim/colors
# them we dowmload theme in this dir

在Plug同级目录下创建colors文件夹，将对应的配色文件放到colors，autoload中，

ini
set wildmenu
set background=dark
colorscheme NeoSolarized

highlight Visual cterm=NONE ctermbg=236 ctermfg=NONE guibg=Grey40
highlight LineNr cterm=none ctermfg=240 guifg=#2b506e guibg=#000000

" 背景透明
"hi Normal ctermfg=252 ctermbg=none "背景透明
autocmd vimenter * hi Normal guibg=NONE ctermbg=NONE " transparent bg

“ 语法高亮，高亮当前行，当前列
syntax on
set cul "highlight cursorline
set cuc

" set termguicolors
set t_Co=256
" 设置状态栏
set laststatus=2
set ruler

" set themes
" gruvbox
" colorscheme gruvbox

” =====================指定的主题设置
" NeoSolarized
colorscheme NeoSolarized
let g:neosolarized_termtrans=1
runtime ./colors/NeoSolarized.vim

" Onedark
" https://github.com/joshdick/onedark.vim
" we should change this in the airline setting
" colorscheme onedark
" let g:airline_theme = 'onedark'

" space-vim-dark
" https://github.com/liuchengxu/space-vim-dark
" colorscheme space-vim-dark
" hi Comment cterm=italic
" hi LineNr ctermbg=NONE guibg=NONE

" one-half
" https://github.com/sonph/onehalf/tree/master/vim
" colorscheme onehalfdark

Mapping Shortcut

快捷键映射是配置自定义的核心内容，这一块会分享一些比较特别的映射。

Shortcut key mapping is the core content of configuration customization. This section will share some special mappings.

快捷键配置	修改位置和方法
插件的默认配置	`.config/nvim/plugins/NAME/PLUG.vim` 1. 修改对应的快捷键 2. 主配置文件中duplicate 对应的命令
默认的配置文件	在不同的命令下分别对应 1. 普通模式下的映射 2. 可视模式下的映射

配置使用<Alt>进行windows的切换

ini
" https://vim.fandom.com/wiki/Switch_between_Vim_window_splits_easily
nmap <silent> <A-Up> :wincmd k<CR>
nmap <silent> <A-Down> :wincmd j<CR>
nmap <silent> <A-Left> :wincmd h<CR>
nmap <silent> <A-Right> :wincmd l<CR>

配置tab和shift tab来实现vscode中的行缩进配置

ini
nmap <tab> V>
nmap <S-tab> V<
vmap <tab> Vg>
vmap <S-tab> Vg<

特殊命令：

ini
" del the end space of line
nnoremap <leader>de :%s/\s\+$//<cr>:let @/=''<CR>
" edit the nvim config file
nnoremap <leader>ev :vsp $MYVIMRC<CR>

复制粘贴全选：

ini
map <C-A>ggVGY
map! <C-A> <Esc>ggVGY
map <F12> gg=G
” 选中状态下ctrl+c复制
vmap <C-c> "+y

Plugs

插件是个性化配置的另一个核心点；Plugs is another core of personalized configuration

使用插件来支持语法，外观，补全，文件管理；Use plugins to support syntax, appearance, completion, and file management ；

安装插件的时候，如果遇到一些安装失败的时候，我们可以通过以下的命令来获取对应的详细信息:messages

VIM-PLUG

junegunn/vim-plug: Minimalist Vim Plugin Manager (github.com)

你只需打开终端并运行以下命令：

bash
curl -fLo ~/.vim/autoload/plug.vim --create-dirs https://raw.githubusercontent.com/junegunn/vim-plug/master/plug.vim

Neovim 用户可以使用以下命令安装 Vim-plug：

bash
curl -fLo ~/.config/nvim/autoload/plug.vim --create-dirs https://raw.githubusercontent.com/junegunn/vim-plug/master/plug.vim

安装完插件管理器，我们可以在配置文件中通过一下的操作来安装插件：

ini
# 设置存放插件的地址
call plug#begin('~/.config/nvim/plugged')
# 添加我们需要的插件
call plug#end()

常用的一些命令：

Command	Desc
PlugInstall	Install Package
PlugUpdate	Update those packages
PlugStatus	Show The Status of all the package
PlugClean	Clean the error Plug or del those Plug not Define any more
PlugUpgrade	Update Vim-Plug itself

常用的一些命令优化下载速度更换源：

加速vim-plug安装，cnpm，github

ini
# 在调用call plug之前设置下载的源地址
# 这里实际上可以参考各种镜像站去写
let g:plug_url_format='https://git::@hub.fastgit.org/%s.git'

或者我们借助Windows主机的代理服务器来对Github进行加速，如果存在稳定的代理的话，这个方式可能是更优的一个参考[[Envs/Windows.md]]中的Proxy

Langs Support

这一部分介绍各种语言的支持LSP，以及对应的配置操作。

Appendix

Add Header for Langs

ini
“ head can write like this
" 新建.c,.h,.sh,.java文件，自动插入文件头
autocmd BufNewFile *.cpp,*.[ch],*.sh,*.py exec ":call SetTitle()"
""定义函数SetTitle，自动插入文件头
func SetTitle()
    "如果文件类型为.sh文件
    if &filetype == 'sh'
        call setline(1, "##########################################################################")
        call append(line("."), "# File Name: ".expand("%"))
        call append(line(".")+1, "# Author: AikenHong ")
        call append(line(".")+2, "# mail: h.aiken.970@gmail.com")
        call append(line(".")+3, "# Created Time: ".strftime("%c"))
        call append(line(".")+4, "")
    endif
    if &filetype == 'cpp'
        call setline(1, "/*")
        call append(line("."), "# File Name: ".expand("%"))
        call append(line(".")+1, "# Author: AikenHong ")
        call append(line(".")+2, "# mail: h.aiken.970@gmail.com")
        call append(line(".")+3, "# Created Time: ".strftime("%c"))
        call append(line(".")+4, " */")
        call append(line(".")+5, " ")
        call append(line(".")+6, "#include <iostream>")
        call append(line(".")+7, "#include <algorithm>")
        call append(line(".")+8, "#include <vector>")
        call append(line(".")+9, "#include <stack>")
        call append(line(".")+10, "#include <queue>")
        call append(line(".")+11, "#include <list>")
        call append(line(".")+12, "#include <map>")
        call append(line(".")+13, "#include <cmath>")
        call append(line(".")+14, "#include <set>")
        call append(line(".")+15, "")
        call append(line(".")+16, "using namespace std;")
        call append(line(".")+17, "")
        call append(line(".")+18, "int main()")
        call append(line(".")+19, "{")
        call append(line(".")+20, "    ")
        call append(line(".")+21, "    ")
        call append(line(".")+22, "    return 0;")
        call append(line(".")+23, "}")
    endif
    if &filetype == 'python'
        call setline(1, "\"\"\"")
        call append(line("."), "# File Name: ".expand("%"))
        call append(line(".")+1, "# Author: AikenHong ")
        call append(line(".")+2, "# mail: h.aiken.970@gmail.com")
        call append(line(".")+3, "# Created Time: ".strftime("%c"))
        call append(line(".")+4, "\"\"\"")
        call append(line(".")+5, "")
    endif
    "新建文件后，自动定位到文件末尾
    autocmd BufNewFile * normal G
endfunction

Dependency

This Session I’ll intrduce some dependency for those PLUGs and the env

Reference

Yggdroot/LeaderF : basic config and keyshort setting
liuchengxu/vim-which-key
Config your which key
vim-airline-themes
Vim Awesome
plasticboy/vim-markdown
Neovim+Coc.nvim配置目前个人最舒服终端编辑环境(Python&C++) - zprhhs - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)
init.vim · SpringHan/nvim - Gitee.com
Python ；
C ：Using g++ instead of gcc will support C++

Configuration File

ini

COC安装注意事项

安装npm，node

bash
npm install -g neovim

build/index.js not found, please install dependencies and compile coc.nvim by: yarn insta

切换到coc目录，yarn install，

bash
cd ~/.config/nvim/plugged/coc.nvim
yarn install
yarn build

安装clang：

Getting started (llvm.org)

Airline

Install Powerline Font powerline/fonts: Patched fonts for Powerline users. (github.com)

Tagbar

该安装依赖于ctags为了支持Markdown情况下的Tagbar,这里推荐安装Universal Ctags

使用镜像站clone
bash
```
cd .install/
sudo git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/universal-ctags/ctags.git
cd ctags
```
安装前置依赖
bash
```
sudo apt-get install make \
  autoconf \
  ppkg-config

sudo apt install \
    gcc make \
    pkg-config autoconf automake \
    python3-docutils \
    libseccomp-dev \
    libjansson-dev \
    libyaml-dev \
    libxml2-dev
```
在ctags目录下安装
bash
```
./autogen.sh
./configure --prefix=/where/you/want # defaults to /usr/local
make
sudo make install
```
验证安装成功与否
bash
```
ctags
# sueecess will output
# ctags: No files specified. Try "ctags --help"
```

support markdown

Add those into vimrc

ini
let g:tagbar_type_markdown = {
  \ 'ctagstype'  : 'markdown',
  \ 'kinds'      : [
    \ 'c:chapter:0:1',
    \ 's:section:0:1',
    \ 'S:subsection:0:1',
    \ 't:subsubsection:0:1',
    \ 'T:l4subsection:0:1',
    \ 'u:l5subsection:0:1',
  \ ],
  \ 'sro'            : '""',
  \ 'kind2scope' : {
    \ 'c' : 'chapter',
    \ 's' : 'section',
    \ 'S' : 'subsection',
    \ 't' : 'subsubsection',
    \ 'T' : 'l4subsection',
  \ },
  \ 'scope2kind' : {
    \ 'chapter' : 'c',
    \ 'section' : 's',
    \ 'subsection' : 'S',
    \ 'subsubsection' : 't',
    \ 'l4subsection' : 'T',
  \ },
\ }

Startify 起始页设置

Code Yarns – How to create ASCII art of text using FIGlet

Vim project switcher using Startify (ricostacruz.com)

Improve NPM download

Download Npm Improve

临时设置：

bash
npm --registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org install express

全局使用：

bash
npm config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org

验证配置是否成功:

bash
npm config get registry

通过cnpm使用：

bash
npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org

Vim中执行程序

Markdown Preview WSL

在WSL中无法调出preview的问题，运行时使用message查看err，若为’Cannot find module ’tslib’':

到插件目录执行`yarn install`或者`npm install`

Split Windwos 窗口切分

this part is about windows split which is like tmux. vim的窗口切分命令,在命令行的模式下执行

bash
:vsp filepath/filename
# 垂直切分屏幕
:sp filepath/filename
# 横向切分屏幕

窗口,缓冲区切换快捷键

ini
# cursor change in diff windows
ctrl + <- ->
ctrl + w + direction

# change buffer in diff tabs
alt + <- ->

Vim Folding 折叠

vim折叠快捷键

Vim Grammer 特殊用法

Using Vim KEYSHORT like write an article with special grammar. In the way, there’ll be some interesting usage. 这里有一些有趣的用法，通过vim的语法可以列出来

Voice 语态

动词：r replace, d delete, y yank, f find, v visual 介词: i in, a around, t to, f forward 名词: w word, p paragraph, t tag, s sentence

Based on neovim#

Install#

Update#

Where is Config File#

Basic Config#

Basic Setting#

Folding Setting#

Color And Theme(basic)#

Mapping Shortcut#

Plugs#

VIM-PLUG#

Langs Support#

Appendix#

Add Header for Langs#

Dependency#

Reference#

Configuration File#

COC安装注意事项#

Airline#

Tagbar#

Startify 起始页设置#

Improve NPM download#

Vim中执行程序#

Markdown Preview WSL#

Split Windwos 窗口切分#

Vim Folding 折叠#

Vim Grammer 特殊用法#

Voice 语态#